International Journal of Engineering

International Journal of Engineering

Optimizing Reinforcement Strategies for Concrete Deep Beams under Impact Loads

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
S. Behzad Rahimi 1
A. Jalali 1, 2
S. Mohammad Mirhoseini 1
E. Zeighami 1
1 Department of Civil Engineering, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran
2 Faculty of Civil Engineering, University of Tabriz,Tabriz, Iran
10.5829/ije.2026.39.03c.01
Abstract
This research investigates the dynamic performance of reinforced concrete deep (RCD) beams subjected to impact loads, focusing on the influence of reinforcement strategies and opening configurations on their structural behavior. Finite element (FE) analysis techniques are utilized to model various scenarios, incorporating different types and numbers of fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) laminates and geometric configurations of openings. The findings demonstrate that reinforcement with FRP laminates significantly reduces mid-span deflection and maximum support reaction. Among the laminates, carbon FRP (CFRP) shows superior performance compared to aramid FRP (AFRP) and glass FRP (GFRP). Additionally, beams with circular openings exhibit better performance in minimizing mid-span deflection and support reaction compared to those with rectangular openings. However, increasing the number of CFRP layers, while enhancing structural performance, presents economic challenges due to diminishing returns in load-bearing capacity improvement. These results highlight the importance of carefully balancing reinforcement strategies, opening shapes, and cost-effectiveness to optimize the stability and performance of RCD beams under impact loads.

Graphical Abstract

Optimizing Reinforcement Strategies for Concrete Deep Beams under Impact Loads
Keywords
Fiber-Reinforced Polymer laminates
Aramid Fiber polymer
Glass Fiber Polymer
Carbon Fiber Polymer
Opening Shapes
Laminates

Subjects

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International Journal of Engineering
Volume 39, Issue 3
TRANSACTIONS C: Aspects
March 2026
Pages 561-575