Estimate the Performance of Catalytic Converter Using Turbulence Induce Devices

Authors

Departmnet of Mechanical Enginnering, Amity Univerity Uttar Pradesh, Noida

Abstract

In this manuscript, the experimental setup was designed and fabricated for optimizing the parameters of a catalytic converter of INDICA V2 exhaust system. Three turbulence intensify devices, namely Swirl Venturi, Swirl Blades and Swirl Contour, were close-fitted before the catalytic converter. The heating element is embedded in its body and thermocouples are used for knowing the performance at various temperature. The experiments were carried out with and without devices also with and without heating of catalytic converter. The emission was characterized by various engine speed. The results showed that catalytic converter effectiveness and efficiency increases when close-fitted the devices before the catalytic converter with heating. Among these devices, Swirl Blades was more effective and it reduces the CO and HC emission by 33.86%, and by 30.56% respectively. Flow Simulation of these devices was carried out using finite volume method. The obtained simulation shows that transport coefficient of catalytic converter enhances using these devices because of high turbulence intensity at the inlet of the catalytic converter. This research concluded that the heating of the catalytic converter and using the Swirl Blades device before it reduces the air pollution significantly of diesel engine motor vehicle.

Keywords

References

1.     Sperling, D. and Gordon, D., "Two billion cars: Transforming a culture", TR news,  No. 259, (2008).
2.     McDermott, W., "Air pollution and public health", Scientific American,  Vol. 205, No. 4, (1961), 49-57.
3.     M., M.K., M., A. and Khalilarya S., "The effect of exhaust gas recirculation on performance and emissions of si engine fuelled with ethanol-gasoline blends", International Journal of Engineering, Transactions A: Basics,  Vol. 28, No. 1, (2015), 130-135.
4.     Tabejamaat, S., "Numerical study of reduction of nox emissionby high temperature air combustion technology",  VInternational Journal of Engineering, Transactions B: Applications, Vol.16, (2003), 255-255.
5.     Badr, O. and Probert, S., "Sources of atmospheric carbon monoxide", Applied Energy,  Vol. 49, No. 2, (1994), 145-195.
6.     Kampa, M. and Castanas, E., "Human health effects of air pollution", Environmental Pollution,  Vol. 151, No. 2, (2008), 362-367.
7.     Roy, S., Hegde, M. and Madras, G., "Catalysis for nox abatement", Applied Energy,  Vol. 86, No. 11, (2009), 2283-2297.
8.     Dimitriades, B., "Effects of hydrocarbon and nitrogen oxides on photochemical smog formation", Environmental Science & Technology,  Vol. 6, No. 3, (1972), 253-260.
9.     Meulenbelt, J., "Nitrogen and nitrogen oxides", Medicine,  Vol. 31, No. 10, (2003), 64.
10.   Atkinson, R., Lloyd, A.C. and Winges, L., "An updated chemical mechanism for hydrocarbon/nox/so2 photooxidations suitable for inclusion in atmospheric simulation models", Atmospheric Environment (1967),  Vol. 16, No. 6, (1982), 1341-1355.
11.   Tyagi, R. and Ranjan, R., "Effect of heating the catalytic converter on emission characteristic of gasoline automotive vehicles", International Journal of Ambient Energy,  Vol. 36, No. 5, (2015), 235-241.
12.   Kisku, G., "Nature and type of pollution from automobiles and strategies for its control", Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, Environmental Monitoring Division, Lucknow,  (2013), 1-16.
13.   Pundir, B., "Engine emissions: Pollutant formation and advances in control technology, Alpha Science International, Limited,  (2007).
14.   Weilenmann, M., Soltic, P., Saxer, C., Forss, A.-M. and Heeb, N., "Regulated and nonregulated diesel and gasoline cold start
emissions at different temperatures", Atmospheric Environment,  Vol. 39, No. 13, (2005), 2433-2441.
15.   Pelkmans, L., Lenaers, G., Bruyninx, J., Scheepers, K. and De Vlieger, I., "Impact of biofuel blends on the emissions of modern vehicles", Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering,  Vol. 225, No. 9, (2011), 1204-1220.
16.   Giakoumis, E.G., "A statistical investigation of biodiesel effects on regulated exhaust emissions during transient cycles", Applied Energy,  Vol. 98, (2012), 273-291.
17.   Mofijur, M., Rasul, M., Hyde, J., Azad, A., Mamat, R. and Bhuiya, M., "Role of biofuel and their binary (diesel–biodiesel) and ternary (ethanol–biodiesel–diesel) blends on internal combustion engines emission reduction", Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,  Vol. 53, (2016), 265-278.
18.   Hulwan, D.B. and Joshi, S.V., "Performance, emission and combustion characteristic of a multicylinder di diesel engine running on diesel–ethanol–biodiesel blends of high ethanol content", Applied Energy,  Vol. 88, No. 12, (2011), 5042-5055.
19.   Rakopoulos, C., Dimaratos, A., Giakoumis, E. and Rakopoulos, D., "Study of turbocharged diesel engine operation, pollutant emissions and combustion noise radiation during starting with bio-diesel or n-butanol diesel fuel blends", Applied Energy,  Vol. 88, No. 11, (2011), 3905-3916.
20.   Kannan, G., Karvembu, R. and Anand, R., "Effect of metal based additive on performance emission and combustion characteristics of diesel engine fuelled with biodiesel", Applied Energy,  Vol. 88, No. 11, (2011), 3694-3703.
21.   Ryu, K., "Effects of pilot injection timing on the combustion and emissions characteristics in a diesel engine using biodiesel–cng dual fuel", Applied Energy,  Vol. 111, (2013), 721-730.
22.   Suh, H.K., "Investigations of multiple injection strategies for the improvement of combustion and exhaust emissions characteristics in a low compression ratio (Cr) engine", Applied Energy,  Vol. 88, No. 12, (2011), 5013-5019.
23.   Schejbal, M., Štěpánek, J., Kočí, P., Marek, M. and Kubíček, M., "Sequence of monolithic converters doc–cdpf–nsrc for lean exhaust gas detoxification: A simulation study", Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification,  Vol. 49, No. 9, (2010), 943-952.
24.   Sharma, S., Goyal, P. and Tyagi, R., "Conversion efficiency of catalytic converter", International Journal of Ambient Energy,  Vol. 37, No. 5, (2016), 507-512.
25.   Shen, H., Shamim, T. and Sengupta, S., An investigation of catalytic converter performances during cold starts. 1999, SAE Technical Paper.
26.   Gumus, M. and Ugurlu, A., "Application of phase change materials to pre-heating of evaporator and pressure regulator of a gaseous sequential injection system", Applied Energy,  Vol. 88, No. 12, (2011), 4803-4810.
27.   Saravanan, S., "Effect of exhaust gas recirculation (egr) on performance and emissions of a constant speed di diesel engine fueled with pentanol/diesel blends", Fuel,  Vol. 160, (2015), 217-226.
28.   Sikarwar, B.S., Khandekar, S., Agrawal, S., Kumar, S. and Muralidhar, K., "Dropwise condensation studies on multiple scales", Heat Transfer Engineering,  Vol. 33, No. 4-5, (2012), 301-341.
29.   Sikarwar, B.S., Khandekar, S. and Muralidhar, K., "Simulation of flow and heat transfer in a liquid drop sliding underneath a hydrophobic surface", International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer,  Vol. 57, No. 2, (2013), 786-811.
International Journal of Engineering
Volume 31, Issue 5
TRANSACTIONS B: Applications
May 2018
Pages 856-862

Files

Cited by

Share

How to cite

Statistics