Synthesis and Characterization Unsaturated Polyester Resin Nanocomposites Reinforced by Fe2O3+ Ni Nanoparticles: Influence on Mechanical and Magnetic Properties

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Department of Electromechanical Engineering, University of Technology, Iraq

Abstract

This investigation aims to study the effect of Fe2O3,Ni nanoparticles as a reinforcement materials on the mechanical properties of unsaturated polyester (UPR) as a matrix to produce a nanocomposite material using a casting route. Various examinations and tests were conducted to define the characteristics of the manufactured nanocomposite, such as Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Energy Dispersive Spectrometry (EDS), and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) analysis. The mechanical tests, including tensile, bending and hardness were performed on samples at the room temperature according to ASTM standards, while the magnetic characteristics were defined by vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). Fe2O3 nanoparticles were incorporation into unsaturated polyester resin by different weight percentages that vary from 0 wt.% to 20 wt.% and a constant concentration 3 wt.% of Ni nanoparticles. The images of FESEM and EDS evinced the homogeneity of F2O3, Ni nanoparticles into the pure unsaturated polyester resin (UPR). While, the improvement in Young's modulus, tensile strength, bending strength, and hardness was compared with those for the UPR. The improvement was 10.02% in Young’s modulus, 44.08% in tensile strength, 13.55% in bending strength, and strength in hardness. Also, the magnetic properties, such as reidual magnetization (Mr), saturation magnetization (Ms) and coercivity force (Hc) enhanced with increasing the concentration of nanoparticles. The preferred percentage to improve the mechanical properties was found at 15 wt.% of Fe2O3 and then decreased above this concentration, whereas the enhancement in hardness was achieved at 20 wt. % of Fe2O3.

Keywords

References

  1. Sun, H. Fan, Z. Wang, X. Liu, and Z. Wu, “Modified nano Fe2O3-epoxy composite with enhanced mechanical properties”, Materials & Design, Vol. 87, (2015), 10-16, doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.07.177
  2. A. Abbas, I. F. Ali, A. A. Abdulridha “Behavior and Strength of Steel Fiber Reinforced Self-Compacting Concrete Columns Wrapped by Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymers Strips”, International Journal of Engineering, Transactions B: Applications, Vol. 34, No. 2, (2021), 382-392, doi: 10.5829/ije.2021.34.02b.10.
  3. Hossain, M., Mobarak, M. B., Rony, F. K., Sultana, S., Mahmud, M., & Ahmed, S, “Fabrication and Characterization of Banana Fiber Reinforced Unsaturated Polyester Resin Based Composites”, In Nano Hybrids and Composites, 29, (2020), 84-92, doi: 10.4028 /www.scientific.net /NHC.29.84
  4. Badawi, “Characterization of the optical and mechanical properties of CdSe QDs/PMMA nanocomposite films”, Journal of Materials Science, Materials in Electronics, Vol. 26, No.6, (2015), 3450-3457, doi.: 10.1007/s10854-015-2854-1.
  5. M. Naguib, M. A. Ahmed, Z. L. Abo-Shanab, “Studying the loading impact of silane grafted Fe2O3 nanoparticles on mechanical characteristics of epoxy matrix”, Egyptian Journal of Petroleum, Vol. 28, No. 1, (2019), 27-34, doi: 10.1016/j.ejpe.2018.10.001.
  6. M. C. Pereira, M. Herrero, F. M. Labajos, A. T. Marques, and V. Rives, V. “Preparation and properties of new flame retardant unsaturated polyester nanocomposites based on layered double hydroxides”, Polymer Degradation and Stability, Vol. 94, No. 6, (2009), 939-946, doi: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2009.03.009.
  7. Hazarika, K. Gupta, M. Mandal, and N. Karak, “High-performing biodegradable waterborne polyester/functionalized graphene oxide nanocomposites as an eco-friendly material”, ACS Omega, Vol. 3, No. 2, (2018), 2292-2303, doi: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01551.
  8. L. Gershon, D. P. Cole, A. K. Kota, and H. A. Bruck, “Nanomechanical characterization of dispersion and its effects in nano-enhanced polymers and polymer composites,” Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 45, No. 23, (2010), 6353-6364, doi: 10.1007/s10853-010-4597-y.
  9. Samaneh Katebi Koushali, Masood Hamadanian, Ahmed Reza Ghasemi and Mahdi Ashrafi,” Investigation of Mechanical Properties of Polyester/polyethylene Glycol/TiO2 Nanocomposites”, Journal of Nanostructures, Vol. 11, No.1, (2021), 38-47, doi: 10.22052/JNS.2021.01.005.
  10. Hadia Noor, Muhammad Waqas Hanif, Sobia Latif, Zubair Ahmad, Saira Riaz and Shahad Naseem, “Dielectric and Magnetic response of iron oxide nanoparticles embedded in unsaturated polyester resin”, Physica B: Phusics of Condensed Matter, (2021), 1-5, doi: 1016/j.physb.2020.412554.
  11. Grazielle de Silva Maradini, Michel Picanco Oliveira, “Impact and Tensile Properties of Polyester Nanocomposites Reinforced with Conifer Fiber Cellulose Nanocrystal:A Previous Study Extension”, Polymers, 13, (2021), 1-11, doi: 10.3390/polym13111878.
  12. T. Rahman, Md. Asadul Hoque, G. T. Rahman, M. N. Azmi, M. A. Gafur, Ruhul A. Khan and M. Khalid Hossain, “Fe2O3 nanoparticles dispersed unsaturated polyester resin-based nanocomposites: effect of gamma radiation on mechanical properties”., Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids, Vol. 174, No. 5-6, (2019), 480-493, doi: 10.1080/10420150.2019.1606809.
  13. T. Rahman, Md. Asadul Hoque, G. T. Rahman, M. A. Gafur, Ruhul A. Khan, and M. Khalid Hossain, “Study on the mechanical, electrical and optical properties of metal-oxide nanoparticles dispersed unsaturated polyester resin nanocomposites” Results in Physics, Vol. 13, (2019), doi: 10.1016/j.rinp.2019.102264.
  14. T. Seyhan, F. H. Gojny, M. Tanoğlu, and K. Schulte, “Critical aspects related to processing of carbon nanotube/unsaturated thermoset polyester nanocomposites, “European Polymer Journal, Vol. 43, No. 2, (2007), 374-379, doi: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2006.11.018.
  15. Sanida, S. G. Stavropoulos, T. Speliotis, and G. C. Psarras, “Probing the magnetoelectric response and energy efficiency in Fe3O4/epoxy nanocomposites,” Polymer Testing, Vol. 88, (2020), doi: 10.1016/j.polymertesting.2020.106560.
  16. Sanida, S. G. Stavropoulos, and G. C. Psarras, “A comparative thermomechanical study of ferrite/polymer nanocomposites,” Procedia Structural Integrity, Vol. 10, (2018), 257-263, doi: 10.1016/j.prostr.2018.09.036
  17. Kumar, P. K. Ghosh, A. Kumar, and O. Singh, “Enhanced Thermomechanical Properties of ZrO2 Particle Reinforced Epoxy Nanocomposite,” Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, Vol. 30, No. 1, (2021), 145-153, doi: 10.1007/s11665-020-05350-3.
  18. K. Bindu Sharmila, J. V. Antony, M. P. Jayakrishnan, P. M. Sabura Beegum, and E. T. Thachil, “Mechanical, thermal and dielectric properties of hybrid composites of epoxy and reduced graphene oxide/iron oxide,” Materials Design, Vol. 90, 66-75, (2016), doi: 10.1016/j.matdes.2015.10.055.
  19. Huang, Y. Cao, X. Zhang, Y. Li, J. Guo, S. Wei, and Z. Guo, “Magnetic epoxy nanocomposites with superparamagnetic MnFe2O4 nanoparticles,” AIP Advances, Vol. 5, No. 9, (2015), doi: 10.1063/1.4932381.
  20. Lu C., and Mai Y-W, “Permability modeling of polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites”, Composite Science Technology, Vol. 67, 2895-2902, (2007), doi: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2007.05.008.
  21. O. M. Amin, A. Triki, M. B. Hassen, M.R. Sanjoy, M. Arous and Kallel Ali,” Effect of alfa fiber mechanical separation on dielectrict properties of hybrid unsaturated polyester comopsites”, Polymer Composites, 40, (2019), 1774-1785, doi: 10.1002/pc.24934.
  22. Y. J, Kim, Y. D. Liu, Y- SeO, and H. J. Chio,” Pickering-emulsion-polymerized polystyrene/ Fe2O3 composite particles and their magneto responsive characteristics”, Langmuri, Vol. 29, (2013), 4959-4965, doi: 10.1021/la400523w.
International Journal of Engineering
Volume 35, Issue 1
TRANSACTIONS A: Basics
January 2022
Pages 21-28

Files

Cited by

Share

How to cite

Statistics