TY - JOUR ID - 101159 TI - A Characteristic-based Numerical Simulation of Water-titanium Dioxide Nano-fluid in Closed Domains JO - International Journal of Engineering JA - IJE LA - en SN - 1025-2495 AU - Adibi, Tohid AU - Razavi, Seyed Esmaeil AU - Adibi, Omid AD - Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bonab, Bonab, Iran AD - School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran AD - School of Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran Y1 - 2020 PY - 2020 VL - 33 IS - 1 SP - 158 EP - 163 KW - Titanium dioxide KW - nano-fluid KW - Nusselt Number KW - friction factor KW - Numerical method DO - 10.5829/ije.2020.33.01a.18 N2 - A new characteristic-based method is developed and used for solving the mixed and forced convection problems. The nano-fluid flow with heat transfer is simulated with a novel characteristic-based scheme in closed domains with different aspect ratios. For this purpose, a FORTRAN code has been written and developed. Water as a pure fluid and water-titanium dioxide as a nano-fluid were considered. The governing equations are solved by the finite volume utilizing a characteristic-based scheme for the convective fluxes. The simulation is done at Grashof numbers from 100 to 104, Reynolds numbers from 100 to 1000, and volume fractions of nano-particles from 0% to 10%. Streamlines, isotherms, friction factor, and mean Nusselt number are obtained in various conditions. The convective behavior of nano-fluid is explored as a function of several parameters, such as Grashof number and geometrical parameters. Results indicate that the mean Nusselt number for the nanofluid is up to 23% more than that of pure water. UR - https://www.ije.ir/article_101159.html L1 - https://www.ije.ir/article_101159_ee467ad8a30e10f156d90c5fc816a9fc.pdf ER -