Materials and Energy Research Center
International Journal of Engineering
1025-2495
1735-9244
27
9
2014
09
01
Prediction of Gas Hydrate Formation using HYSYS Software (TECHNICAL NOTE)
1325
1330
EN
Jaber
Azizi
Chemical Engineering, Arak University
redavarnejad@yahoo.com
Jamal
Azizi
Chemical Engineering, Arak University
arakjam@gmail.com
reza
Davarnejad
Chemical Engineering, Arak University
reza_davarnejad@yahoo.com.ph
Gas hydrates attracted worldwide attention due to their potential as huge energy resource in the recent decades. Effective parameters which influence the formation of hydrates are high pressure, low temperature and water presence. HYSYS software is one of the major simulators which are widely used in the chemical and thermodynamic processes. This research was conducted to simulate gas hydrate formation of Lavan-3 gas well and Salman gas field using the HYSYS software. The steady state simulation of hydrate formation was performed by the Peng-Robinson equation of state. The data were compared with the experimental ones. It was concluded that the HYSYS is able to predict hydrate formation, properly (Average Absolute Error
Gas hydrates,HYSYS,Peng,Robinson,Simulation
https://www.ije.ir/article_72369.html
https://www.ije.ir/article_72369_36af6865e409728df53d9de2c7ce81d2.pdf
Materials and Energy Research Center
International Journal of Engineering
1025-2495
1735-9244
27
9
2014
09
01
Hydraulic Analysis of Water Supply Networks using a Modified Hardy Cross Method
1331
1338
EN
Naser
Moosavian
Engineering, Ferdowsi Univ. of Mashhad
naser.moosavian@yahoo.com
Mohammad Reza
Jaefarzadeh
Civil Engineering Deparrtment, Ferdowsi Univ. of Mashhad
jafarzade@um.ac.ir
There are different methods for the hydraulic analysis of water supply networks. In the solution process of most of these methods, a large system of linear equations is solved in each iteration. This usually requires a high computational effort. Hardy Cross method is one of the approaches that do not need such a process and may converge to the solution through scalar divisions. However, this method has two shortcomings: first, initial discharges should satisfy continuity equation at each node; second a large number of iterations are required to converge to solution. In this article an algorithm is suggested for initial discharges that are close to the final results while the continuity equations are automatically established. This algorithm may be directly implemented in the Hardy Cross method. To reduce the number of iterations the Hardy Cross method is combined with third-order and sixteenth-order methods. The results of some numerical examples demonstrate that the use of the combined approach with the suggested initial guess reduces the number of iterations and hydraulic analysis time and the solutions converge with a high accuracy.
Hydraulic analysis,Modified Hardy,Cross,Water Supply Networks
https://www.ije.ir/article_72370.html
https://www.ije.ir/article_72370_7845039b5000634dfede46831d93a59a.pdf
Materials and Energy Research Center
International Journal of Engineering
1025-2495
1735-9244
27
9
2014
09
01
Image Denoising Using Anisotropic Diffusion Equations on Reflection and illumination Components of Image
1339
1348
EN
Hamid
Hassanpour
h_hassanpour@yahoo.com
Mohammad Hossein
Khosravi
Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Birjand
mohokhosravi@yahoo.com
This paper proposes a new hybrid method based on Homomorphic filtering and anisotropicdiffusion equations for image denoising. In this method, the Homomorphic filtering extracts the reflectionand illumination components of a noisy image. Then a suitable image denoising method based onanisotropic diffusion is applied to each components with its special user-defined parameters .This hybridscheme donates a flexibility and customizability to the method, due to its ability to separately enhanceeach component properly. In order to evaluate the proposed method effectiveness, a number ofexperiments have been performed and the results have been compared with the results of other pioneeringmethods. The good results indicate superiority of proposed method.
Image Denoising,Image smoothing,Anisotropic diffusion,Homomorphic filtering,Hybrid image enhancement
https://www.ije.ir/article_72371.html
https://www.ije.ir/article_72371_bc4807f9cd3a77a0eed1239bff9028c2.pdf
Materials and Energy Research Center
International Journal of Engineering
1025-2495
1735-9244
27
9
2014
09
01
Improving Bandwidth-power Efficiency of Homogeneous Wireless Networks Using On-meet Threshold Strategy (RESEARCH NOTE)
1349
1358
EN
Sathurappan
N
Department of Electronics Engineering, Mount Zion College of Engineering and Technology
sathurappan.n@gmail.com
Rubert
Joseph
Department of Electronics Engineering, Mount Zion College of Engineering and Technology
rubertpaul@gmail.com
Muthaiah
Rajappa
School of Computing, SASTRA University
sjamuthaiah@core.sastra.edu
Deebak
David
School of Computing, SASTRA University
jrvd_deebak@ymail.com
Over two decades, a problem of location dependent has been focused for improving the communication Bandwidth-Power Efficiency of homogeneous networks. The efficiencies of communication links are weakened by the Hidden Terminal Problem. Thus we propose a Fine – Tune Strategy for analyzing the On-Off communication region. We were observed that the proposed technique had been able to track and monitor the off-region nodes for improving the fidelity of the link. Testing of TCP Variants was done to cross validate the Value of On-demand Bandwidth-Power Transmission Parameters. The proposed technique of On – Meet Threshold (O-MT) has been deployed in the Network Simulator Tool of NS2 (v2.34) and while probing, The parameters of Packet Reception Rate, Packet Dropping Rate and Throughput Rate were analyzed and found as best for TCP-EPRT (Enhanced Packet Reception Time) compared of TCP-Newreno.
HTP,DCF,NP,Bandwidth Utilization,Network Simulator Tool,NS2,WT,Power Consumption,Throughput Rate,Average Delay,Dropping Rate,F,T,O,MT
https://www.ije.ir/article_72372.html
https://www.ije.ir/article_72372_3ed44785a0bd686ffa2422686a95fb2e.pdf
Materials and Energy Research Center
International Journal of Engineering
1025-2495
1735-9244
27
9
2014
09
01
Magnetic Saturation Impacts on Fault Analysis of Squirrel-cage Six Phases Induction Motors using Winding Function Approach
1359
1366
EN
Mahdi
Sabouri
Elect. Eng., Zanjan University
m.sabouri@znu.ac.ir
Asghar
Taheri
electrical engineering, zanjan university
taheri@znu.ac.ir
Multiple coupled circuit modeling (MCCM) of squirrel-cage induction motors (SCIMs), or winding function approach is the most detailed and complete analytical model used to analyze the performance of faulty SCIMs. Already, in variate papers this approach was used to 3phases SCIMs, but this paper extends the above-mentioned model to 6phases SCIMs. Various simulations of variative faults are carried out on faulty 6phases SCIMs, and then, results obtained the simulation were presented. The innovation in this paper is the first time simulation of broken bars and stator winding faults on 6phases SCIMs using winding function approach with considering magnetic saturation effect that the precise results as well as were presented.
6Phases squirrel,cage induction motors,Saturation Effect,rotor fault,stator fault,winding function approach
https://www.ije.ir/article_72373.html
https://www.ije.ir/article_72373_84c5f37dc3b93bb5ceeea8465a9d46ba.pdf
Materials and Energy Research Center
International Journal of Engineering
1025-2495
1735-9244
27
9
2014
09
01
Speech Enhancement using Laplacian Mixture Model under Signal Presence Uncertainty
1367
1376
EN
JAVAD
HADDADNIA
Biomedical Engineering, Hakim Sabzevary University
j.haddadnia@yahoo.com
ZEINAB
MOHAMMADPOORY
Echanical Engineering, Shahrood University of Technology
shzm63@yahoo.com
In this paper an estimator for speech enhancement based on Laplacian Mixture Model has been proposed. The proposed method, estimates the complex DFT coefficients of clean speech from noisy speech using the MMSE estimator, when the clean speech DFT coefficients are supposed mixture of Laplacians and the DFT coefficients of noise are assumed zero-mean Gaussian distribution. Furthermore, the MMSE estimator under speech presence uncertainty and the Laplacian Mixture Model were derived. It is shown that the proposed estimator has better performance than three estimators based on single Gaussian and single Laplacian models. Also under speech presence uncertainty the results become better.
EM Algorithm,Gaussian noise,Laplacian Mixture Model,Minimum Statistic,MMSE estimator,speech presence uncertainty
https://www.ije.ir/article_72374.html
https://www.ije.ir/article_72374_bf521c97f9ecaab941cd845ac406848a.pdf
Materials and Energy Research Center
International Journal of Engineering
1025-2495
1735-9244
27
9
2014
09
01
An Optimized PID for Capsubots using Modified Chaotic Genetic Algorithm (RESEARCH NOTE)
1377
1384
EN
S.
Mahmoudzadeh
Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Guilan
a.ghadirian.a@gmail.com
H.
Mojallali
Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Guilan
N.
Pourjafari
Electrical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Guilan
This paper proposes a design for a mesoscale capsule robot which can be used in gaining diagnostic data and delivering medical treatment in inaccessible parts of the human body. A novel approach is presented for the capsule robot control: A PID-controlled closed-loop approach. A modified chaotic genetic algorithm will be used to optimize the coefficients of PID controller. Then, simulation will be conducted to demonstrate the results for the proposed approach.
capsubot,chaos,Genetic Algorithm,PID Controller
https://www.ije.ir/article_72375.html
https://www.ije.ir/article_72375_097f71b87f52ea21e0f81f6fde09d68a.pdf
Materials and Energy Research Center
International Journal of Engineering
1025-2495
1735-9244
27
9
2014
09
01
Joint Pricing and Inventory Control for Seasonal and Substitutable Goods Mentioning the Symmetrical and Asymmetrical Substitution
1385
1394
EN
Isa
Nakhai Kamalabadi
Industrial Engineering, University of Kurdistan
i.nakhai@uok.ac.ir
Nadia
Rasouli
industrial engineering, Tarbiat modares university
nadia.rasouly@modares.ac.ir
Nowadays many well-known firms may produce similar products at different prices in order to remain in the competitive environment. The price differences may cause substitution condition which motivates the customers to substitute the similar cheaper product with an expensive one leading to an environment which is known as “customer-based price driven substitution”. This research proposes a new mathematical model towards a joint pricing and inventory control for seasonal and substitutable goods in a competitive market over a finite time planning horizon. It is assumed that the two substitute goods belong to two different rival firms. The objective is to determine the optimal price, order quantity and the number of periods for one product in the presence of symmetrical and asymmetrical substitutions such that the total profit of the related firm is maximized. Firs tit is showed that total profit is a concave function of price which leads us to a unique optimal solution. To provide the optimal solution a simple algorithm is developed. Finally, in order to evaluate the performance of proposed algorithm a numerical example is presented.
pricing,Inventory control,seasonal and substitutable goods,symmetrical and asymmetrical substitution
https://www.ije.ir/article_72376.html
https://www.ije.ir/article_72376_3b0c7c434cf736e2b79b11191edd03b2.pdf
Materials and Energy Research Center
International Journal of Engineering
1025-2495
1735-9244
27
9
2014
09
01
Multi-objective Differential Evolution for the Flow shop Scheduling Problem with a Modified Learning Effect
1395
1404
EN
Rashed
Sahraeian
0000-0003-0613-3595
Indusrial Engineering, Shahed University
sahraeian@shahed.ac.ir
Homa
Amirian
Industral Engineering, Shahed University
amirian012univ@ymail.com
This paper proposes an effective multi-objective differential evolution algorithm (MDES) to solve a permutation flow shop scheduling problem (PFSSP) with modified Dejong's learning effect. The proposed algorithm combines the basic differential evolution (DE) with local search and borrows the selection operator from NSGA-II to improve the general performance. First the problem is encoded with an appropriate rule to make the continuous nature of DE suitable for flow shop problems. Second, insert based local search is added in the initialization stage, as well as in each iteration to speed up convergence. The former guarantees that the algorithm commences with better solutions while the latter focuses the algorithm on promising areas. Third, in each generation, in order to improve diversity, two populations are introduced, current pop and advanced pop. The best solutions of each iteration are stored in the current pop, while the less desirable solutions are added to the advanced pop. At the end of each generation, the two are combined and better individuals are selected for the next generation. The algorithm is then tested on benchmark problems to demonstrate its effectiveness and the results are discussed. Finally, a truncated version of Dejong's learning effect is proposed and MDES is used to solve the permutation flow shop with the modified learning effect.
Learning Effect,Differential evolution,multi,objective Scheduling,Flowshop,Dejong’s Learning Effect
https://www.ije.ir/article_72377.html
https://www.ije.ir/article_72377_1599a489d232c93df015853aa385e06d.pdf
Materials and Energy Research Center
International Journal of Engineering
1025-2495
1735-9244
27
9
2014
09
01
Hierarchical Alpha-cut Fuzzy C-means, Fuzzy ARTMAP and Cox Regression Model for Customer Churn Prediction
1405
1414
EN
Reza
Tavakkoli-Moghaddam
0000-0002-6757-926X
Industrial Engineering, University of Tehran
tavakoli@ut.ac.ir
Seyyed Hossein
Iranmanesh
Industrial Engineering, University of Tehran, College of Engineering
hiranmanesh@ut.ac.ir
Mehrdad
Mohammadi
Industrial Engineering, University of Tehran, College of Engineering
mehrdadmohamadi@ut.ac.ir
Majid
Abdollahzade
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of K.N. Toosi
m.abdollahzade@gmail.com
As customers are the main asset of any organization, customer churn management is becoming a major task for organizations to retain their valuable customers. In the previous studies, the applicability and efficiency of hierarchical data mining techniques for churn prediction by combining two or more techniques have been proved to provide better performances than many single techniques over a number of different domain problems. This paper considers a hierarchical model by combining three data mining techniques containing two different fuzzy prediction networks and a regression technique for churn prediction, namely Alpha-cut Fuzzy C-Means (αFCM), Improved Fuzzy ARTMAP and Cox proportional hazards regression model, respectively. In particular, the first component of the hybrid model aims to cluster data in two churner and non-churner groups applying the alpha-cut algorithm and filter out unrepresentative data or outliers. Then, the clustered and representative data as the outputs are used to assign customers to churner and non-churner groups by the second technique. Finally, the correctly classified data are used to create the Cox proportional hazards model. To evaluate the performance of the proposed hierarchical model, the Iranian mobile dataset is considered. The experimental results show that the proposed model outperforms the single Cox regression baseline model in terms of prediction accuracy, Type I and II errors, RMSE and MAD metrics.
Fuzzy ARTMAP,Fuzzy C,Means,Cox regression,Customer Relationship Management,Churn prediction
https://www.ije.ir/article_72378.html
https://www.ije.ir/article_72378_946b8286064a16ebde3031930e411f1f.pdf
Materials and Energy Research Center
International Journal of Engineering
1025-2495
1735-9244
27
9
2014
09
01
Synthesis of Ethylenediamine-modified Ordered Mesoporous Carbon as a New Nanoporous Adsorbent for Removal of Cu(II) and Pb(II) Ions from Aqueous Media
1415
1422
EN
Ali
Habibi Davijani
Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology
habibi.ali91@yahoo.com
Mansoor
Anbia
Research Laboratory of Nanoporous Materials, Iran University of Science and Technology
anbia@iust.ac.ir
The mesoporous carbon (CMK-3) functionalized with ethylenediamine (EDA) has been synthesized (CMK-3-EDA) and applied as a new mesoporous adsorbent for removal of Cu(II) and Pb(II) cations from aqueous solutions. Nitrogen adsorption–desorption measurements (BET) show that surface area, pore size and pore volume of CMK-3 were significantly changed after amine modification. The BET surface area and pore diameter of functionalized product were 344.74 m2 .g−1 and 28.61Å, respectively. The adsorption conditions including contact time, pH value and adsorbent dosage of the sample solution were investigated in batch system and then determined by means of flam atomic absorption spectroscopy. Under experimental conditions, the adsorption capacity was 188.2 mg. g−1 and 196.64 mg. g−1 for Cu(II) and Pb(II) ions, respectively. The obtained high adsorption capacity of CMK-3 functionalized with EDA is due to the amine functional groups formed on the surface of CMK-3 which can react with Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions. Results show that the new synthesized porous material is a highly effective material for sorption of Pb(II) and Cu(II) ions in comparison to other adsorbents.
Mesoporous carbon,CMK,3,EDA,Adsorption capacity,Batch System
https://www.ije.ir/article_72379.html
https://www.ije.ir/article_72379_c9621ce76c5fb36f5ac171cc5a625fc5.pdf
Materials and Energy Research Center
International Journal of Engineering
1025-2495
1735-9244
27
9
2014
09
01
Studying of Heat Treatment Influence on Corrosion Behavior of AA6061-T6 by Taguchi Method
1423
1430
EN
Gholam Reza
Khayati
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman
khayati@uk.ac.ir
In this study the Taguchi method, has been applied to optimize the heat treatment parameters for the corrosion resistance of AA6061 aluminum alloy. The experimental design consisted of four parameters (aging temperature, aging time, quenching environment and NaCl concentration), each containing three levels. Tafel polarization measurements were carried out to determine the corrosion resistance of the heat treatment samples. According to the mean of signal-to-noise ratio analysis, the corrosion resistance of AA6061-T6 aluminum alloy was influenced significantly by the levels in the Taguchi orthogonal array. The optimized parameters for corrosion resistance are 2 h for aging time, 200 °C for aging temperature, ice water for quenching media and environment with 0.5% for NaCl concentration. The percentage of contribution for each parameter was determined by the analysis of variance. The results showed that the NaCl concentration is the most significant parameter affecting the corrosion resistance of the AA6061 Al alloy.
Keywords Heat treatment,AA606,T6 A1 aluminum alloy,Tafel polarization,Analysis of variance
https://www.ije.ir/article_72380.html
https://www.ije.ir/article_72380_aa0c270e215ba7c51a1da9e7e6ec4fc3.pdf
Materials and Energy Research Center
International Journal of Engineering
1025-2495
1735-9244
27
9
2014
09
01
Optimization of Double Pipe Fin-pin Heat Exchanger Using Entropy Generation Minimization
1431
1438
EN
Mohammad
Taghilou
Mechanic Engineering Dept, University of Zanjan
m.taghilou@ut.ac.ir
Behnam
Ghadimi
School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tehran
behnam.ghadimi@ut.ac.ir
Mir Hatef
Seyyedvalilu
Mechanic Engineering Dept, University of Tabriz
hatef_valilu@yahoo.com
In the current work optimization of double pipe fin-pin heat exchanger has been studied. The effective parameters those are controlling the heat exchanger performance are divided in two categories; geometrical and operating conditions. Using the Brent’s optimization algorithm and handling the thermodynamically design concept, one can minimize entropy generation in different length of heat exchanger. In this paper, pins longitudinal SL and transversal ST distances are chosen as the design variables in different heat exchanger length between 200 and 920 mm. In all calculations a constant value was applied for the ratio of heat flux to the heat exchanger length as . Results showed that, in all conditions entropy generation number decreased and consequently lead to reduction in pumping power and manufacturing costs.
Double Pipe Heat Exchanger,fin,pin,Entropy generation,optimization
https://www.ije.ir/article_72381.html
https://www.ije.ir/article_72381_97e9f3d0b014f87bc80f26570cdd0887.pdf
Materials and Energy Research Center
International Journal of Engineering
1025-2495
1735-9244
27
9
2014
09
01
Tracking and Shape Control of a Micro-cantilever using Electrostatic Actuation
1439
1448
EN
H.
Salarieh
Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology
salarieh@sharif.edu
rasoul
shabani
mechanical engineering, Urmia university
r.shabani@urmia.ac.ir
Farzad
Karami
Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Tech
farzad.karami@gmail.com
In this paper the problems of state estimation, tracking control and shape control in a micro-cantilever beam with nonlinear electrostatic actuation are investigated. The system’s partial differential equation of motion is converted into a set of ordinary differential equations by projection method. Observabillity of the system is proven and a state estimation system is designed using extended Kalman filter (EKF) algorithm. A tracking control system is designed to make a specific point of the beam follow a reference signal. The effect of mode selection to include in model on controller performance is also investigated. Based on the tracking controller a shape control algorithm is designed to form the shape of beam into a desired shape. The proposed algorithms are validated by numerical simulation and resulted in a promising performance.
Micro,cantilever,Electrostatic actuation,state estimation,tracking control,shape control
https://www.ije.ir/article_72382.html
https://www.ije.ir/article_72382_d163dcdc63d8c6941254c9ead36c59b2.pdf
Materials and Energy Research Center
International Journal of Engineering
1025-2495
1735-9244
27
9
2014
09
01
Application of Multi-objective Optimization for Optimization of Half-toroidal Continuously Variable Transmission
1449
1456
EN
Pejman
Rostami
Mechanical Engineering, Sharif University of Technology
p.rostami@gmail.com
Mahmoud
Saadat Foumani
, Sharif University of Technology
m_saadat@sharif.ir
Among different goals defined in vehicle design process, fuel consumption (FC) is one of the most important objectives, which significantly has taken into account lately, both by the customers and vehicle manufacturers. One of the significant parameters which impacts the vehicle FC is the efficiency of vehicle's power train. In this paper, a half-toroidal continuously variable transmission (CVT) is considered as the vehicle power train. Its efficiency is sensitive to its geometry, and variation of its geometry can result the vehicle FC reduction. On the other hand, geometry variation affects its weight and fatigue life, which are considered as major contributing factors in the power train design. This paper aims to optimize half-toroidal CVT in order to minimize its weight, FC of the vehicle equipped with it, and provide the desired fatigue life. After introducing half-toroidal CVT, the method of calculating the mentioned objective functions is presented. A specific importance weight for each objective is considered. These weights are functions of their related objectives. A single objective optimization is implemented for each objective, and their optimal values are obtained. Then, these objectives are optimized simultaneously using Global Criterion method.
Continuously Variable Transmission,Half,Toroidal,Fuel consumption,Fatigue life,multi,objective optimization,Importance Weight,Global Criterion
https://www.ije.ir/article_72383.html
https://www.ije.ir/article_72383_1105eecc8d944f70c737f96999bd8170.pdf
Materials and Energy Research Center
International Journal of Engineering
1025-2495
1735-9244
27
9
2014
09
01
A Fast Immersed Boundary Fourier Pseudo-spectral Method for Simulation of the Incompressible Flows
1457
1466
EN
Hassan
Ghassemi
Department of Maritime Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology
hghassemi@aut.ac.ir
Fereidoun
Sabetghadam
Mechanical and Aerospace Eng., Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad Universit
fsabet@srbiau.ac.ir
Elshan
Soltani
Mechanical and Aerospace Eng., Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad Universit
e_soltani1362@yahoo.com
Abstract The present paper is devoted to implementation of the immersed boundary technique into the Fourier pseudo-spectral solution of the vorticity-velocity formulation of the two-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. The immersed boundary conditions are implemented via direct modification of the convection and diffusion terms, and therefore, in contrast to some other similar methods, there is not an explicit external forcing function in the present formulation. At the beginning of each time step, the solenoidal velocities (also satisfying the desired immersed boundary conditions), are obtained and fed into a conventional pseudo-spectral solver, together with a modified vorticity. The classical explicit fourth-order Runge-Kutta method is used in time integration, and the boundary conditions are set at the beginning of each sub-step, in order to increase the time accuracy. The method is employed in simulation of some different test cases, including the flow behind impulsively started circular cylinder, oscillating circular cylinder in fluid at rest and insect-like flapping wing motion. The results show accuracy and efficiency of the method.
Immersed Boundary Method,Vorticity,Velocity Formulation,Pseudo,Spectral method,Moving Obstacles
https://www.ije.ir/article_72384.html
https://www.ije.ir/article_72384_fd1005742420e221bb2c043a0b82552b.pdf
Materials and Energy Research Center
International Journal of Engineering
1025-2495
1735-9244
27
9
2014
09
01
Young s Modulus of Single and Double Walled Carbon Nanocones Using Finite Element Method(TECHNICAL NOTE)
1467
1474
EN
Abdolhosein
fereidoon
Mechanical Engineering, Semnan University
abfereidoon@gmail.com
Mostafa
Mohammadian
Mechanical Engieering, Islamic Azad University of Gorgan, Kordkuy center
mo.mohammadyan@gmail.com
In this paper a three-dimensional finite element (FE) model of carbon nanocones (CNCs) is proposed and used for obtaining Young\\\'s modulus of CNCs. In this model, stretching and bending forces between carbon atoms are simulated using truss elements in ANSYS software. Then the model is subjected to the tension and by obtaining the stiffness of the CNC and using elasticity theory, Young’s modulus is calculated. The results showed that for a fixed length of CNC, the modulus increase with the increase in diameter whereas it decreases by increasing the apex angle. Also, Young’s modulus of double walled carbon nanocoes (DWCNCs) obtained between the values of each layer. Furthermore, it is showed that elastic modulus can be effected by defects and their positions in CNC.
Carbon nanocones,Truss model,LINK8 element,Ansys
https://www.ije.ir/article_72385.html
https://www.ije.ir/article_72385_82cbd37d66652eb2afccfb88b3dd458a.pdf
Materials and Energy Research Center
International Journal of Engineering
1025-2495
1735-9244
27
9
2014
09
01
An Approach to Locate an in Pit Crusher in Open Pit Mines
1475
1484
EN
Mohsen
AkbarpourShirazi
Department of Industrial Engineering and Managemen, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytec
akbarpour@aut.ac.ir
Nabiollah
Adibee
Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytec
adibee_n@aut.ac.ir
M.
Osanloo
Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytec
morteza.osanloo@gmail.com
Mehdi
Rahmanpour
0000-0002-8247-8758
Department of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic)
mrahmanpour_m@yahoo.com
Transportation costs are a significant part of capital and operating costs of large open pit mines. Cost efficiency and high reliability of in pit crushing and conveying systems compared to conventional truck-shovel system makes it more appealing to be utilized in modern mining activities. In this paper the suitable location of an in pit crusher is investigated as a single hub location problem. In selecting the optimum location, two factors are considered. First, the overall haulage cost is minimized, and second, the location is chosen such that it is not located inside the mining area, and crusher site is fixed through a period of at least one year. Application of single hub problem is quite effective in determining the location of the in pit crusher. The method is applied in Sarcheshmeh copper mine, to determine the optimum location of the in pit crushing and conveying system.
Open Pit Mining,In Pit Crushing and Conveying,Hub Location Problem
https://www.ije.ir/article_72386.html
https://www.ije.ir/article_72386_ecbeef1019b8e23dbc74a45966abf21d.pdf